What is a potential consequence of administering morphine sulfate to a patient?

Administering morphine sulfate can lead to reduced peripheral resistance, which may result in hypotension. Morphine is an opioid analgesic that works by binding to opioid receptors in the brain and spinal cord, effectively altering the perception of pain. In addition to its analgesic properties, morphine can cause vasodilation, which is the relaxation of blood vessels. This vasodilation can decrease peripheral vascular resistance, leading to a drop in blood pressure.

While it is possible for morphine to affect heart rate, typically, it is actually more likely to cause bradycardia (a decrease in heart rate) than an increase. Similarly, the administration of morphine does not enhance mental alertness; rather, it tends to have a sedative effect, making patients feel drowsy or less alert. Lastly, morphine is used to alleviate pain rather than improve pain sensation; its primary role is pain relief. Therefore, the most accurate consequence of administering morphine sulfate, among the options presented, is its potential to reduce peripheral resistance and cause hypotension.